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<br />Reef Ball <br /> <br />Page 4 of 8 <br /> <br />is to mimic natural reef systems and their ability to attenuate waves so that (beach) erosion is managed <br />by natural like processes. The exact amount of attenuation needs to be engineered for each project and <br />is controlled by depth, wave climate, number of rows of Reef Balls, spacing of Reef Balls, etc. There <br />have been very extensive wave tank studies to allow us to custom design the desired wave attenuation <br />for a specific project. <br /> <br />(Above Right: Army Corp of Engineers Wave Tank in Vicksburg, Mississippi performing complex modeling studies for <br />the Reef Ball submerged breakwater in Miami. Sample data here llL/l'xceljormat) <br /> <br />In our most recent projects, (Miami and Antigua) we developed a much broader range of anchoring <br />technologies which for the first time allows the use of Reef Balls as submerged breakwaters on a wider <br />variety of bottom types...including deep sand bottoms. Essentially, we now have technology that not <br />only stops lateral movement of Reef Balls during storm events, but also prevents settlement into the <br />sand (which has been one of the major obstacles facing submerged breakwater designers in the past.) <br />We have also develop a much larger range of Reef Ball sizes to handle beaches that have steeper <br />slopes. Even so. Reef Balls as submerged breakwaters may be too costly for areas that require the <br />submerged breakwater to be in deeper than 3 meters. <br /> <br />After studying the grandiose Antigua project. you will <br />probably want to review more information from our prior <br />projects below. <br /> <br />I - ~._;u. <br />~.. ~~~~'!.N'~.. ," : <br />I ~ r~ ~-. ~ . <br />"~':"" - ",,;'" . <br />.. . -- - .~ ~ <br />.,.. -- ....# ...I. <br />... ~ -:::.... <br /> <br />Mayan Palace, Q.Roo, Mexico (1200 Units) <br />[Right] <br /> <br /> <br />Antigua, Maiden <br />Island (1200 Units) [Left] <br /> <br /> <br />These are not presented in any particular order, but you <br />will find the farther back in time you go, the less the <br />product was developed technically. <br /> <br />J. .. <br />.....~ <br />-"*.... . <br /> <br />All of the following reports give excellent, non-censored views <br />into using Reef Balls as submerged breakwaters. The Army <br />~QfR Tecl1I1i<:al Paller is the best single source for understanding <br />the basic concepts. Other reports are either site specific or <br />proposals for new sites...some with very unique problems like <br />"PfQP-9~al for Reef Ball Submerge~LBreak~ater" that show some <br />of the design variations possible with Reef Ball submerged <br />breakwater technology. Obviously, your site will require some <br />custom engineering...bul this will help you understand what is <br />involved in a project. <br /> <br />"~ <br /> <br />Marriott Hotel, Grand Cayman Island. (200 units) <br />[Right] <br /> <br />1 <br />.'"\1 <br /> <br />. Best ExampI~f Reef Balls used as submerged <br />break~aters (Antigu,! Projeg) <br /> <br />~L <br /> <br />175' Natural Reef <br /> <br /> <br />~ 55' I <br /> <br />Ey:isting Reef Ball Reef ~ <br />Submerged Brc:lkll'ater V <br /> <br />. DR Visit Memo, Dr. Lee Harris <br /> <br />. Army Corp '[e.chniq! Paper on Reef Balls 1jS <br />submerged breakwaters <br /> <br />10' <br /> <br />. (iran Dominicus HlLlcl Beach Creation Project with <br />Reeffialls <br />-Extra support graph~ for the above report <br /> <br />~~.' fI.. .295.' <br />-~' ~..... <br />.. ..'" <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />I " <br />"'" _ . J <br /> <br />. Stability Analysis By-Florida Institute of <br /> <br />http://www.reefbeach.com/ <br /> <br />6111/2008 <br />