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HomeMy WebLinkAboutSection 02574 Pavement Removal and Replacement 02574 - 1/9 SECTION 02574 PAVEMENT REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 SCOPE OF WORK A. Work included under this Section covers the furnishing of all labor, equipment and material required for cutting, removing, protecting, constructing, replacing or stabilizing all existing roadways, driveways and pavements. B. All existing utility castings, including valves boxes, junction boxes, manholes, handholes, pull boxes, inlets and similar structures in the areas of trench restoration, pavement replacement and pavement overlay shall be adjusted by the Contractor to bring them flush with the surface of the finished work. 1.02 QUALITY CONTROL The phrase "DOT Specifications" shall refer to the Florida Department of Transportation Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, latest edition. The DOT Specifications, are referred to herein and are hereby made a part of this Contract to the extent of such references, and shall be as binding upon the Contract as through reproduced herein in their entirety. 1.03 DAMAGE BY CONTRACTOR A. The Contractor shall protect from damage by construction operations, all pavements, sidewalks and other improvements, including all base courses and surface courses, that are to remain within the work area. B. Any base course or surface course beyond those limits, damaged as a result of the Contractor's operation, shall be restored in accordance with the applicable requirements of these Specifications, to the satisfaction of the City and/or the Owner, and to the satisfaction of the governing authority having jurisdiction over the work area. C. Any damage to adjacent lanes of pavement will require the Contractor to resurface the entire lane width for a length, as approved by the City. When the damage amounts to 25 percent or more in any one block (approximately 600 feet), the Contractor, at his own expense, shall resurface the entire width of the lane in which the damage occurred for the entire block. D. In order to protect himself from being held liable for any existing damaged pavement, including detour routes, the Contractor is advised to notify in writing the authority having jurisdiction over the street where such defective pavement exists prior to proceeding with any work in the vicinity. A copy of all such notices shall be forwarded to the City. 02574 - 2/9 PART 2 - PRODUCTS 2.01 MATERIAL, GENERAL A. Limerock Base: The limerock base shall consist of either one or two courses limerock obtained from local sources where the overburden was removed from the pits prior to mining operations. The limerock shall comply with the requirements of DOT Specifications, Section 200 and Section 911 for Miami Oolite limerock, with a maximum size of the aggregate to be 1-1/2 inches. B. Prime Coat and Tack Coat shall be as specified Section 02513 and per DOT Section 300. C. Asphaltic Concrete: The materials and construction of the asphaltic concrete patch and surface courses shall be Type SP-9.5 Asphaltic Concrete conforming to Sections 330, 331 and 334 of the DOT Specifications. D. Sand cover material shall be clean and non-plastic, and shall be composed of hard durable grains, free from loam, roots, silt, clay, or rock particles and other deleterious substances. Local sand meeting such requirements may be used. Sand shall be subject to approval by the City. E. 1:10 Mix: Sand-cement mix for backfill within state roads shall be a 1:10 mix of Type I or II Portland Cement and Sand that shall produce a slump of 4 to 6 inches. F. Flowable fill: Flowable fill, shall be used as an alternative backfill only when directed by the Engineer of Record. It shall be used for trenches, support for pipe structures, culverts, utility cuts and other works where cavities exist and where firm support is needed for pavements and structural elements. 2.02 BITUMINOUS PAVING MATERIAL Asphalt cement for asphaltic concrete mixes shall be Viscosity Grade AC-20, homogeneous, free from water and shall meet the requirements of D.O.T Specifications, Section 916-1. Unless otherwise specified, all test samples required shall be supplied by the Contractor. For friction courses, in addition to meeting the above requirements, the bituminous material shall contain 0.5% of a heat-stable, anti-stripping additive from an approved source. A. Asphaltic Concrete - Type SP-9.5 Mix shall meet the requirements of D.O.T. Specifications for Type S9-9.5 Superpave Asphaltic Concrete, Sections 330, 334 and 916 of D.O.T Specifications. B. Asphaltic Concrete Friction Course - Type FC-1, FC-2, FC-3 and FC-4 shall meet the requirements of D.O.T Specifications for Friction Courses, Sections 337-1 through Section 337-7. C. Emulsified Asphalt for Slurry Seal Coat shall be of the slow-setting, mixing type and shall be homogeneous, meeting the requirements of the Asphalt Institute, Grade SS- 1 or SS-1h. D. Liquid Asphalt for Prime and Tack Coat: See Section 300 of DOT Specifications. E. Liquid Asphalt for Sand and Asphalt Paving shall be asphalt cement, viscosity Grade AC-5 or emulsified asphalt, Grade RS-2 (anionic) conforming to the requirements of D.O.T. Specifications, Section 916-1 and 916-4, respectively. 02574 - 3/9 F. Mineral Aggregate for Slurry Seal Coat shall consist of screened sand or limestone screenings or gray granite screenings or a mixture of sand and screenings plus not less than 3%, by weight, of Type I or Type II Portland cement. PART 3 - EXECUTION 3.01 INSTALLATION, GENERAL A. Permanent pavement repair shall be full roadway width overlay, in accordance with the details shown in the Standard Details herein, with edges straight and parallel and patches rectangular in plan. Replace any paving, beyond the limits shown in the details and as called for in the Specifications, as required. Where trenches are located out of the existing pavement and damage occurs to the pavement, that pavement shall also be replaced by the Contractor at his own expense. B. Pavement markings removed or obliterated by the Contractor's operations shall be promptly replaced, in kind, to the satisfaction of the City, or other authority having jurisdiction over the work area. C. All equipment necessary for construction shall be on the job site in first class working condition. Spilling or dropping of petroleum products is prohibited and all defective equipment shall be removed or replaced immediately. The Contractor shall be subject to all FDEP (Florida Department of Environmental Protection) and local regulations and clean up requirements. D. The percentages of maximum density for subgrade and limerock base specified herein are minimum. Greater percentages of maximum density shall be obtained, if so required, by the governing authority having jurisdiction over the work location. E. Asphaltic concrete mixtures shall be obtained only from plants which comply with the requirements of D.O.T. Specifications, Section 320 as applicable, using materials specified herein, and producing the specified mixture. General construction requirements for all hot bituminous mixtures specified herein shall conform to D.O.T. Specifications, Section 330, as applicable. F. Asphaltic concrete shall be laid only where the surface to be covered is intact, firm, cured and dry, and only when weather conditions are suitable. The temperature of the mixture at the time of spreading shall be within limits of Florida D.O.T. specifications or within 25 degrees of the design mix temperature. No mixture shall be spread when the air temperature is less than 40 degrees Fahrenheit. G. Any mixture caught in transit by a sudden rain may be laid at the Contractor's risk, if the base is in suitable condition. Under no circumstances shall asphaltic material be placed while rain is falling, or when there is water on the area to be paved. H. Subgrade: Roadway subgrades shall be stabilized to the minimum depth shown on the Drawings to a Limerock Bearing Ratio of not less than 40. Stabilizing shall be Type B as defined in Section 160 of the DOT Specifications. Stabilization may require the addition and thorough mixing in of crushed limerock, course limerock screenings, or any other stabilizing material acceptable to the City. The stabilizing material shall be applied in such quantity that, after mixing and blending, the subgrade will have a LBR of not less than 40. Stabilizing material shall be mixed or blended in the subgrade material by plowing, scarifying, disking, harrowing, blading and mixing with rotary tillers until the mixed materials are of uniform bearing value throughout the width and depth of the layer being processed. 02574 - 4/9 I. At least two density determinations shall be made over each trench located between two roadway intersections on each day's final compaction operations on each course, and the density determinations shall be made at more frequent intervals if deemed necessary by the City. J. Limerock Base: The limerock base shall be constructed in accordance with Sections 200 and 911 of the DOT Specifications, minimum 8-inches thick or as indicated on the Drawings, and shall extend at least 6-inches beyond the edge of pavement limit. K. After spreading of the base material is completed, the entire surface shall be scarified and shaped so as to produce the exact grade and cross section after compaction. For double course base, this scarifying shall extend a depth sufficient to penetrate slightly the surface of the first course. The maximum depth of each lift shall be 8-inches. L. When the material does not have the proper moisture content to insure the required density, wetting or drying shall be required. If the material is deficient in moisture, water will be added and uniformly mixed in by disking the base course to its full depth. If the material contains an excess of moisture, it shall be allowed to dry before being compacted. As soon as proper conditions of moisture are attained, the material shall be compacted to an average density not less than 98 percent maximum density as determined in more than one course, the density shall be obtained in each lift of the base. M. During final compacting operations, if blading of any areas is necessary to obtain the true grade and cross section, the compacting operations for such areas shall be completed prior to making the density determination on the finished base. N. Unless otherwise directed by the Engineer of Record, the surface shall be "hard- planed" with a blade grader immediately prior to the application of the prime coat to remove the thin glaze or cemented surface and to allow free penetration of the prime material. The materials planed from the base shall be removed from the base area. O. If cracks or checks appear in the base, either before or after priming, which in the opinion of the Department, would impair the structural efficiency of the base course, the CONTRACTOR shall remove such cracks or checks by rescarifying, reshaping, adding base material where necessary and recompacting. P. Mixing Base and Subgrade: If at any time the subgrade material shall become mixed with the base course material, the CONTRACTOR shall, without additional compensation, dig out and remove the mixture, reshape and compact the subgrade and replace the materials removed with clean base material, which shall be shaped and compacted as specified above. Q. Asphaltic Concrete: The spreading, compacting and jointing the wearing surface shall be in accordance with Sections 330 and 331 of the DOT Specifications to a thickness of 1-inch or as indicated on the Drawings. 3.02 TEMPORARY PAVING A. Prior to commencing excavation, the asphalt surface shall be sawcut within the limits of the allowable trench width. Temporary paving will be required along the entire route where the original paved surface is removed. Unless otherwise approved by the City, temporary paving shall be placed the same day the trench is backfilled. The trench shall be backfilled up to a level 1 inch below the existing pavement surface and a temporary, cold mixed sand/asphalt pavement shall be constructed up to the 02574 - 5/9 level of the existing pavement surface. The liquid asphalt shall be Grade RC-70, conforming to the requirements of D.O.T. Specifications, Section 916-2. The sand shall conform to the requirements of D.O.T. Specifications, Section 902 for fine aggregate. B. The cold mix is to be installed one block at a time, not crossing any intersection, or a maximum of 1,200 feet shall be completed before the Contractor may move forward with his excavation work. Backfill, compaction and temporary paving is to keep pace with the pipe installation. Written permission must be obtained from the City and the agency permitting the work to allow greater lengths than 1,200 feet. Permitting agencies may reduce the allowable limits in their permit, or for other unforeseen right-of-way conditions. C. Prior to completion of the work and within a maximum of 30 calendar days, the Contractor shall remove the 1 inch of cold mix and surplus backfill. He shall replace it with the specified compacted limerock base course and asphaltic within the specified working limits, as specified in the Type I pavement repairs described below. Municipal agencies permitting this work may accelerate the time for removal of the cold mix, at their discretion. D. The temporary pavement shall be maintained by the Contractor in a condition satisfactory to the City until its removal. Removal shall include any surplus backfill material. Replacement of the temporary pavement with permanent pavement shall be made within 30 days, but not less than 15 days to minimize cracks to final pavement due to trench settlement. In replacing the temporary paving with permanent pavement, all work shall be completed in sections compatible with specified traffic maintenance procedures. E. The Contractor may elect to install a suitable temporary hot mix asphaltic pavement, to be left in-place, in lieu of cold mix, when the hot mix asphalt is left in-place and installed over properly compacted limerock base course. This temporary pavement shall be incorporated into the specified full roadway width permanent pavement restoration called Type V paving restoration. F. Sand seal on the limerock base course will not be permitted in lieu of temporary paving. G. Unless otherwise approved by the City, temporary paving, shall be placed the same day the trench is backfilled. H. Where asphalt overlay meets existing pavement, at the resurfacing limit line, the existing pavement shall be cut with a mechanical circular saw, in a straight neat line, then a strip 2 feet wide and 1-inch thick shall be milled perpendicular to the centerline of the roadway being resurfaced. Joint between existing and proposed asphalt shall be smooth and of constant thickness, and only feathering as per feathering detail in the contract drawings will be allowed. 3.03 TYPE I PAVING REPAIR (Limerock Base - Asphaltic Concrete Surface) A. Type I paving repairs shall be made with an 8-inch thick compacted limerock base and a minimum 1-inch thick asphaltic concrete surface. On City roads asphaltic concrete shall have a compacted thickness of 2-inch, placed in a minimum of two (2) compacted 1-inch lifts. B. The backfill previously placed and compacted shall be excavated to the required depth below the existing road surface and the existing paving shall be milled to allow 02574 - 6/9 for full lane restoration and cut back beyond all excavations, using an abrasive disc saw to trim the edges to straight and true lines, minimum width for the limerock base shall be equal to the trench width plus 3 feet. Eight inches of limerock base shall be placed in two layers, each layer compacted to not less than ninety-eight percent (98%) density in accordance with Section 200 of D.O.T. Specifications. During rolling, the base shall be wetted down, as necessary, to secure the greatest possible compaction. After rolling, the entire surface of the base shall be thoroughly scarified to a depth of not less than 3 inches and shaped to conform to and be parallel with the existing surface, then watered and rolled again. Rolling and watering shall continue until the entire depth of the base is bonded and compacted into an unyielding mass. C. If at any time the subgrade material becomes mixed with the limerock base course materials, the Contractor shall, without additional compensation, dig out and remove the mixture, reshape and compact the subgrade and replace the materials removed with clean rock which shall be watered and rolled until satisfactorily compacted. D. After the limerock base course has been properly prepared and is dry and ready to receive the wearing surface, a tack coat of emulsified asphalt, in accordance with Section 300, shall be applied at a rate of 0.10 gallon per square yard, immediately followed by the asphaltic concrete. The tack coat shall be applied to the entire limerock base uniformly, and shall thoroughly coat all surfaced. Care shall be taken to tack coat and bond the edge of surrounding pavement. E. The asphaltic concrete shall be plant mixed, using the best grade of local aggregates of approved size and gradation and mixed with an approved binder and conforming to the State of Florida Department of Transportation Specifications, Type SP-9.5 Asphaltic Concrete, Sections 330, 331 and 334 of D.O.T Specifications, as ordered by the Engineer of Record. F. Width of the repair shall be at least one full travel lane; the asphaltic concrete plant mix material shall be placed by means of an approved mechanical spreader and finisher. The mixture shall be compacted to true grade and cross section by means of a tandem roller weighing not less than eight tons. The compacted asphaltic concrete mixture shall not be, in any case, less than one inch in thickness. Rolling shall proceed as closely behind the spreader as possible and all material shall be completely compacted the same day it is placed. The minimum width of the wearing surface shall be the same as the base. 3.04 TYPE V PAVING REPAIRS (Asphaltic Concrete Wearing Surface Overlay) A. Type V paving repairs shall be made where noted on the Plans and/or as ordered by the Engineer or Record. Type V paving repairs shall consist of a machine-laid asphaltic concrete wearing surface overlay, which shall be a nominal one-inch thick asphaltic concrete, meeting the material requirements of Type I repairs, as specified hereinabove. As used herein, "overlay" shall mean Type V paving repairs. A special wearing surface may be substituted, if required. B. In general, the overlay shall be applied in a full roadway width, from edge of pavement, after the permanent paving repairs over the trench have been made. Type V is usually in addition to required Type I paving repair. C. All longitudinal and transverse asphalt replacement overlay wearing surfaces shall butt into adjacent existing asphalt wearing surfaces in full lane asphaltic pavement 02574 - 7/9 restoration. The finish elevation of the new full lane overlay shall meet existing elevations adjacent to the new work. D. The existing asphaltic concrete surface shall be saw cut for its full depth or 1-inch minimum, and then stripped back for at least 2 feet into the area to be overlaid to a second cut which shall also be in clean straight lines. The second, or interior, cut edge shall be rolled with a tandem roller weighing not less than 8 tons before the overlay is applied. The stripped area shall be used to provide a smooth transition or "feather" area between the overlay and the existing pavement. Before placing the overlay, all cut edges and the surface of the stripped area shall be tack coated with emulsified asphalt as specified hereinbelow. E. If the Contractor requests in writing to "feather" the longitudinal edge, and if written permission is granted to "feather" the asphalt by the Department and the City, a sanded mix of 70-30 type shall be used. "Feathering" shall begin 18 inches from the tapered edge. F. Prior to installing a full roadway width overlay over existing asphaltic pavement the trench and shoulders over the pipe shall be sawcut and filled with asphaltic concrete to the required depth, terminating flush with the existing adjacent asphalt in accordance with the municipality having jurisdiction over the work for Type I. Type V overlay will be installed as detailed above. G. When a minor amount of asphalt surface will remain, generally with large pipe installations, after the pipe has been installed and the required longitudinal saw cutting of the asphaltic pavement completed, the Contractor may request permission to remove all the asphalt in the lane, by saw cutting the asphalt adjacent to the existing lane, then placing the Type V overlay flush with the adjacent asphalt. This would require that the Type I, finish elevation be lowered 1 inch to allow for the Type V overlay. H. Before the overlay is applied, existing surfaces shall be swept clean of all dirt and debris, using a power driven broom if warranted by the size of the location to be overlaid and/or as ordered by the Department. Pavement edges shall be cleared of all encroaching vegetation, loose sand, rock and all other foreign matter. When the existing surface is thoroughly clean, a tack coat of Emulsified Asphalt Grade RS-2 (anionic) shall be applied at the rate of approximately 0.10 gallon per square yard, in accordance with Section 300, immediately followed by the asphaltic concrete overlay. I. Machine-laid overlay shall be placed by means of an approved mechanical spreader and finisher, and the mixture shall be compacted to true grade and cross section by means of a tandem roller weighing not less than 8 tons. J. The compacted overlay shall be thicker as required to produce a smooth uniform surface free of any irregularities, but shall not be less than one inch in thickness. Existing depressed areas in the asphaltic pavement, which could collect water after a rainfall shall be corrected before placing the asphaltic overlay. Rolling shall proceed as close behind the spreading of the asphaltic overlay as possible, and all materials shall be completely compacted the same day it is placed. 3.05 PATCHING REPAIRS A. Paving repairs using asphalt patching shall not be allowed under this contract. B. Pavement patching repairs will only be allowed as directed by the ENGINEER. 02574 - 8/9 C. Repairs and roadway restoration shall be completed for full lane width or full pavement width. 3.06 ASPHALT COLD MILLING A. The Contractor shall perform asphalt cold milling where called for on the Plans or as required for a complete installation, when approved or requested by the City. Cold milling shall be done using an automated pavement planer capable of maintaining an accurate depth. Cold milling equipment shall meet the approval of the City and governing agency having jurisdiction at the location of the pavement milling operation. All charges for maintenance of traffic, transportation of personnel, equipment and other mobilization charges shall be considered as incidental to the cold milling operation. B. Cold asphalt milling shall be provided to improve the rideability of the finished pavement, lower the finished grade adjacent to an existing curb prior to resurfacing or to completely remove existing pavement. The overall length of the milling machine (excluding the conveyor) shall be a minimum of 18 feet, and having a minimum cutting width of six feet. The milling operation shall be operated to effectively minimize the amount of dust being emitted from the machine. Pre-wetting of the pavement may be required. In areas where milling is to be performed around utility structures such as manholes, valve boxes etc., proper caution shall be taken as not to damage any of the structures. Saw-cutting of the concrete surrounding the structure and using a pick or other means so as not to disturb the structure shall be employed to prevent any damage. Prior to opening an area which has been milled to traffic, the pavement shall be thoroughly swept with a power broom or other approved equipment to remove to the greatest extent practicable, the fine material which will dust under traffic. This operation shall be conducted in a manner so as to minimize the potential for creating a traffic hazard and to minimize air pollution. C. The milling operation shall be continuous so as to complete each site without any delays. All milling operations shall be coordinated by the City’s Inspector. D. Traffic maintenance charges shall include the installation and maintenance of all traffic control and safety devices, in accordance with FDOT requirements. In addition, the Contractor shall provide all barricades, flashing warning lights and/or arrow boards necessary to maintain safety and warn motorists of the construction. 3.07 REPAIR OF DAMAGE PAVEMENT A. All damage to pavement by the Contractor as a result of Work under this project shall comply with "DAMAGE BY CONTRACTOR", above, and shall be repaired in a manner satisfactory to the Department. The repair shall include the preparation of the subgrade, the placing and compacting of the limerock base, the priming of the base, the placing and maintaining of the surface treatment, all as specified herein. B. The width of all repairs within the work area shall extend at least 12 inches beyond the limit of the damage. The edge of the pavement to be left in place shall be cut to a true edge with a saw or other acceptable method so as to provide a clean edge to abut the repair. The line of the repair shall be uniform with no irregularities. Repair of damage by the Contractor beyond the work area shall be approved by the governing agencies having jurisdiction over the work prior to commencing the work. 3.08 CONCRETE PAVEMENT REPAIR 02574 - 9/9 A. Replace concrete sidewalks and curbs required to be removed due to construction operations with 3,000 psi concrete, minimum 4-inches thick over a limerock base. B. All concrete removal and replacement shall be made from expansion joint to expansion joint, as to replace full flag sections of sidewalk, providing a clean joint by means of a mechanical circular saw cut. C. All concrete replacement shall be per Section 02510. D. Disposal or removed concrete shall be performed in accordance with all applicable regulations and the cost shall be included in the cost of the proposed concrete items. END OF SECTION