HomeMy WebLinkAboutSection 15080- Horizontal Directional Drilling
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SECTION 15080 HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.01 GENERAL
A. The CONTRACTOR shall furnish all labor, materials, equipment and incidentals
required to perform the successful installation of the pipeline using horizontal
directional drilling.
B. The CONTRACTOR shall make an inspection of the area(s) within the vicinity of the
project and the immediate area of the Work and become thoroughly familiar with the
natural and man-made features.
C. The CONTRACTOR'S attention is directed to the existing utilities shown on the
Drawings. The ENGINEER does not make any representation to the accuracy or
correctness of this conditions, locations, and elevations necessary for the proper
completion of the work under this Contract.
D. The CONTRACTOR shall, by exploratory methods (soft digs), locate all existing
utilities that will be crossed by the horizontal directional drilling operation prior to
preparing the submittal of the operation for approval.
E. Related work specified elsewhere that shall apply to all equipment, materials, labor
and services furnished under this Section shall include, but not be limited to, the
following:
Section 15060, Piping and Fittings.
1.02 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Experience Requirements:
1. The CONTRACTOR shall have a minimum of 5 years experience using
horizontal directional drilling for the installation of pipelines or water services.
Additionally, the CONTRACTOR shall have performed at least five prior
waterway and road way crossing projects with length and pipe diameter equal
to or greater than that required by this project. These projects must have been
completed using high-density polyethylene (HDPE) as the pipe material.
B. Requirements of Regulatory Agencies:
1. Comply with OSHA standards, Underwriter Laboratories, and all other
authorities having jurisdiction.
C. Reference Standards: Comply with applicable provisions and recommendations of
the following, except as otherwise shown or specified.
1. AWWA C906, Polyethylene (PE) Pressure Pipe and Fittings 4" Through 62”, for
Water Distribution.
2. ASTM D3261, Specifications for Butt Heat Fusion polyethylene (PE) Plastic
Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe and Tubing.
1.03 SUBMITTALS
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A. Shop Drawings: Submit for approval the following:
1. The CONTRACTOR shall submit all deviations to the Work as shown or specified
for approval in accordance with Section 01300.
2. Tests: Submit description of pipe joint testing methods, procedures and
apparatus. Submit copies of all test reports.
3. Certificates: Submit certificates of compliance with referenced standards
indicated above.
4. As-Built Drawings: During progress of the Work, keep an up to date set of
drawings showing field and shop drawing modifications. The drawings shall
show all piping in plan and profile, with all reference dimensions and elevations
required for complete as-built drawings of the piping systems. Conform to the
requirements of Section 01720. As-Built shall clearly show the size, outside
diameter, manufacturer and type of pipe used in the directional drilling.
B. Experience Requirement: In accordance with Paragraph 1.02.A of this Section.
C. Pipe Material Calculations: The CONTRACTOR shall provide calculations
determining the maximum pulling force that may be anticipated during the pullback
operation to overcome theoretical frictional forces. The calculated pulling force will
not exceed the manufacturer's recommended yield tensile strength and factor of
safety for the proposed pipe material and fused joint.
D. Drilling Plan: CONTRACTOR shall submit a detailed narrative description of the
sequence of events that will be performed to install the specified pipe using
horizontal directional drilling. The plan shall indicate the location of existing utilities
as found by exploratory methods in the field. Plans shall also include the diameter of
the pilot hole, rig pulling capacity, torque, and mud pumping capabilities. Included
shall be a description of methods and precautions the CONTRACTOR proposes to
use to prevent exceeding the pipe manufacturer's approved safe yield tensile
strength during pullback.
E. Fusion Technician Qualification Certification: In accordance with Paragraph
3.02.C.4 of this Section.
F. Boring Path Report: The CONTRACTOR shall furnish a Bore Path Report for pipe
4” or larger to the ENGINEER within seven days of the completion of the bore path.
The report must include:
1 Location of project.
2 Name of person collecting data, including title, position and company name.
3 Investigation site location (Contract drawings station number or reference to a
permanent structure within the project right-of-way).
4 Identification of the detection method used.
5 Elevations and offset dimensions of the bore path.
6 Proposed directional drilling pipe path.
1.04 PRODUCT DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
A. See Section 15060.
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B. Pipe and appurtenances shall be unloaded opposite to or as close to the place
where they are to be laid as is practical to avoid unnecessary handling. Interiors shall
be kept completely free from dirt, water and foreign matter.
C. The CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for the proper support of the piping to
ensure that the pipe is not overstressed or damaged.
D. If applicable, the CONTRACTOR shall submit to the City two additional transition
couplings as spare parts, of the same type and specifications as the ones used to
connect the directional drilled HDPE and the proposed DIP pipe. Transition
couplings shall be delivered to the City’s Maintenance facility or as instructed by the
City, and shall include all the necessary appurtenances to make two complete
transitions from HDPE to DIP pipe.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.01 MATERIALS
A. The material standards are to be interpreted as the minimum in place standards. Use
materials that are appropriate for the stresses generated by the selected equipment
and field conditions.
B. The CONTRACTOR shall ensure that the appropriate material is used to retain
compliance once it is installed.
C. Refer to applicable Sections of this Specifications for detailed pipe material
Specifications.
2.02 GENERAL EQUIPMENT
A. The directional drilling equipment shall consist of a directional drilling rig of sufficient
capacity to perform the bore and pullback the pipe, a drilling fluid mixing, delivery
and recovery system of sufficient capacity to successfully complete the crossing, a
drilling fluid recycling system to remove solids from the drilling fluid so that the fluid
can be re-used, a guidance system to accurately guide boring operations, a vacuum
truck of sufficient capacity to handle the drilling fluid volume, trained and competent
personnel to operate the system. All equipment shall be in good, safe operating
condition with sufficient supplies, materials and spare parts on hand to maintain the
system in good working order for the duration of this project.
2.03 DRILLING SYSTEM
A. Drilling Rig: The directional drilling machine shall consist of a hydraulically powered
system to rotate, push and pull hollow drill pipe into the ground at a variable angle
while delivering a pressurized fluid mixture to a guidable drill (bore) head. The
machine shall be anchored to the ground to withstand the pulling, pushing and
rotating pressure required to complete the crossing. The hydraulic power system
shall be self-contained with sufficient pressure and volume to power drilling
operations. Hydraulic system shall be free of leaks. Rig shall have a system to
monitor and record maximum pull-back pressure during pull-back operations. The
rig shall be grounded during drilling and pull-back operations. There shall be a
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system to detect electrical current from the drill string and an audible alarm which
automatically sounds when an electrical current is detected.
B. Drill Head: The drill head shall be steerable by changing its rotation and shall
provide the necessary cuffing surfaces and drilling fluid jets.
C. Mud Motors (if required): Mud motors shall be of adequate power to turn the
required drilling tools.
D. Drill Pipe: Shall be constructed of high quality 4130 seamless tubing, grade D or
better, with threaded box and pins. Tool joints should be hardened to 32-36 RC.
2.04 GUIDANCE SYSTEM
A. A Magnetic Guidance System (MGS) or proven gyroscopic system shall be used to
provide a continuous and accurate determination of the location of the drill head
during the drilling operation. The guidance shall be capable of tracking at all depths
up to one hundred feet and in any soil condition, including hard rock. It shall enable
the driller to guide the drill head by providing immediate information on the tool face,
azimuth (horizontal direction), and inclination (vertical direction). The guidance
system shall be accurate to +2 percent of the vertical depth of the borehole at
sensing position at depths up to one hundred feet and accurate within 1.5 meters
horizontally.
B. The Guidance System shall be of a proven type and shall be operated by personnel
trained and experienced with this system. The Operator shall be aware of any
magnetic anomalies on the surface of the drill path and shall consider such
influences in the operation of the guidance system if using a magnetic system.
2.05 DRILLING FLUID (MUD) SYSTEM
A. Mixing System: A self-contained, closed, drilling fluid mixing system shall be of
sufficient size to mix and deliver drilling fluid. Mixing system shall continually agitate
the drilling fluid during drilling operations.
B. Drilling Fluids: Drilling fluid shall be composed of clean water and appropriate clay
additives. Water shall be from an authorized source with a pH of 8.5 - 10. Water of a
lower pH or with excessive calcium shall be treated with the appropriate amount of
sodium carbonate or equal. The water and additives shall be mixed thoroughly and
be absent of any clumps or clods. No potentially hazardous material may be used in
drilling fluid.
C. Delivery System: The mud pumping system shall have adequate capacity of
required throughout the project and be capable of delivering the drilling fluid at a
constant pressure. The delivery system shall have filters in-line to prevent solids
from being pumped into the drill pipe. Connections between the pump and drill pipe
shall be relatively leak-free. Used drilling fluid and drilling fluid spilled during drilling
operations shall be contained and conveyed to the drilling fluid recycling system. A
berm, minimum of 12 inches high, shall be maintained around drill rigs, drilling fluid
mixing system, entry and exit pits and drilling fluid recycling system to prevent spills
into the surrounding environment. Pumps and or vacuum truck(s) of sufficient size
shall be in place to convey excess drilling fluid from containment areas to storage
and recycling facilities.
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D. Drilling Fluid Recycling System: The drilling fluid recycling system shall separate
sand, dirt and other solids from the drilling fluid to render the drilling fluid re-usable.
Spoils separated from the drilling fluid shall be stockpiled for later use or disposal.
2.06 OTHER EQUIPMENT
A. Pipe Rollers: Pipe rollers shall be of sufficient size to fully support the weight of the
pipe while being hydro-tested and during pull-back operations. Sufficient number of
rollers shall used to prevent excess sagging of pipe.
B. Pipe Rammers: Hydraulic or pneumatic pipe rammers may only be used if
necessary and with the authorization of Engineer.
C. Restrictions: Other devices or utility placement systems for providing horizontal
thrust other than those previously defined in the preceding sections shall not be
used unless approved by the Engineer prior to commencement of the work.
Consideration for approval will be made on an individual basis for each specified
location. The proposed device or system will be evaluated prior to approval or
rejection on its potential ability to complete the utility placement satisfactorily without
undue stoppage and to maintain line and grade within the tolerances prescribed by
the particular conditions of the project.
2.07 PIPE AND FITTINGS - HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE)
A. High density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe used in directional drilling shall be as
specified herein.
B. Smooth wall high density polyethylene (HDPE) liner pipe shall be a Type III, Class
C, Category 5, Grade P 34; PE 3408; as defined in ASTM D1248. Minimum cell
classification, as given by ASTM 3350, shall be PE 335434C. Pipe shall meet the
standards of ASTM F714, as modified herein, including the "Governmental/Military
Procurement" sections. Minimum hydrostatic design basis shall be 1600 psi. In all
cases, hydrostatic design basis and pressure rating shall be as determined using
the methods of ASTM F714. Pipe of this type shall be butt-fusion welded at joints.
All welding of joints shall be in strict conformity with the recommendations of the
pipe manufacturer and performed by a firm or individual recommended in writing by
the manufacturer.
C. As a part of the shop drawing submittals, the Contractor shall furnish, signed by a
Florida Registered Engineer, all calculations to determine, the pipe thickness, SDR
rating, allowable stresses, in accordance with ASME B31.8, Table A842.22 and
recommended coating, as required by the manufacturer.
D. CONTRACTOR shall submit two spare transition couplings to the City as necessary
to allow two complete transitions from the directionally drilled HDPE to PVC pipe.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.01 GENERAL
A. The installation shall be coordinated with Miami-Dade County and any other agency
having jurisdiction over the area of work. The Contractor shall not begin work until
he has received permission from the City and the governing authority to do so. In
the event railroad companies, FDOT or governing agency require payment for any
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services rendered, including services required due to around-the-clock construction,
the costs shall be borne by the Contractor.
B. The Contractor shall obtain all necessary permits required for around-the clock
operation from the various agencies having jurisdiction over the work area, if he
intends to schedule work as such. Additionally, the Contractor shall furnish and
install temporary noise barriers as required to comply with noise ordinances of the
various agencies having jurisdiction over the work area.
C. The Contractor shall have performed exploratory excavations or soft digs to locate
existing utilities prior to commencement of work.
3.02 INSTALLATION
A. General:
1. In general, the Work will proceed as follows with the horizontal directional
drilling material being HDPE:
a. Drill a pilot hole from one side of the bore path to the other side. The pilot
hole shall follow the design centerline of the pipe with the path recorded
and controlled using a specially designed instrument package situated
behind the drill bit.
b. The entire length of pipeline shall be fused and hydrostatically tested prior
to pull back.
c. A cutter/reamer shall be used to widen the drilled hole to its final
diameter. A barrel reamer shall be used to smooth the wall of the hole
and direct cuttings to the surface. A swivel shall be installed between the
barrel reamer and the pipeline to ensure that no torque is transmitted to
the pipeline while being pulled back. A bulkhead shall be fused to the end
of the pipeline prior to attaching the swivel and barrel reamer.
d. The HDPE pipeline shall be pulled back in a continuous operation at a
constant speed until the pullback is complete. The pipe shall be filled with
potable water during pull back unless otherwise approved by the
OWNER. The pipe shall be pulled beyond the exit pit a minimum distance
equilibrium before any other work is performed on the pipeline.
e. Should the pipe become lodged during the pullback operation, the
CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for all additional costs to dislodge
the pipe. Additional costs may include, but shall not be limited to,
replacement of overstressed sections of the pipe, additional excavation,
environmental damage, or drilling of a new hole. All required work must
be in compliance with all necessary permits.
f. After the pipeline is in place, it shall be hydrostatically tested in
accordance with the requirements of, Cleaning, Testing, and Disinfecting
of Piping, Section 15060.
B. Drill Path Geometry:
1. The CONTRACTOR is responsible for horizontal and vertical alignment of the
pilot drill and final installed pipe. The pilot drill alignment shall conform to the
pipeline alignments submitted by the contractor in Bore Path Report. The
CONTRACTOR shall submit all proposed changes to the vertical alignment
shown on the Contract Drawings for approval prior to commencing work. Under
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no circumstances shall installed pipe be at a different elevation than 2-feet
from the horizontal alignment shown on the Drawings.
2. Should the completed directional drill pipeline alignment differ from the
Drawings such that additional/different fittings are necessary to join the
excavated pipe, then these shall be provided and installed at no additional
cost.
3. Entry and exit points shall be surveyed by experienced survey personnel
licensed in the State of Florida.
4. CONTRACTOR shall map the location of each pilot drill string joint to a
minimum horizontal and vertical scale of 1-inch equals 40-feet. The map shall
be posted in the CONTRACTOR'S office and at no cost.
5. Should the CONTRACTOR exceed the limits described above, a new pilot drill
shall be performed at the expense of the CONTRACTOR and at no cost.
6. Sump pits are required to contain drilling fluids if vacuum devices are not
operated throughout the drilling operation.
a. Within 48 hours of completing installation of the boring product, clean the
work site of all excess slurry or spoils.
b. The CONTRACTOR shall take responsibility for the removal and final
disposition of the excess slurry or spoils.
c. The CONTRACTOR shall ensure that the work site is restored to pre-
construction conditions.
C. HDPE Joining and Installation:
1. Sections of HDPE pipe shall be joined into continuous lengths on the job site
above ground.
2. Joining method shall be the butt joint heat fusion method and shall be
performed in accordance with the pipe manufacturer's recommendations and
by experienced personnel.
3. Butt fusion equipment used in the joining procedures shall be capable for
meeting all conditions recommended by the pipe manufacturer, including, but
not limited to, temperature requirements, alignment and 75 psi interfacial fusion
pressure.
4. Pipe and fitting joints shall be heat fused by a qualified fusion technician:
trained by an approved manufacturer's representative. In accordance with the
manufacturer's recommended fusion procedures. The CONTRACTOR shall
provide written certification from the pipe manufacturer for each fusion
technician employed on the Project. Training or requalification shall have been
obtained within the 12 months prior to the beginning of work
5. Each person making butt or socket fusion joints shall demonstrate proficiency
by making trial joints and destructively testing the trial fusions by bent strap
testing or ultra-sonic testing. Trial joints shall be allowed to cool completely
before testing, and shall not fail at the joint. During construction, the first fusion
of the day shall be a trial fusion, which shall be allowed to cool, and
destructively bent strap tested or ultra-sonically tested. If the fusion fails,
additional trial fusions shall be made and tested until successful fusions are
made, then that procedure shall be used for the balance of the day's
construction provided the procedure is within the limitations recommended by
the manufacturer.
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6. The CONTRACTOR shall provide the services of a competent specialist
representing the pipe manufacturer. The manufacturer's representative shall be
available, at a minimum, during the welding and testing of the pipe segments
and during the pipe pullback operation.
D. Project Conditions:
1. Existing Utilities: The CONTRACTOR shall be responsible to field locate
existing underground utilities in the areas of Work.
a. Should uncharted or incorrectly charted piping or utilities be encountered
during the work, consult piping or utility owner immediately for
instructions. The CONTRACTOR shall cooperate with the utility
companies in keeping respective services and facilities in operation.
Damaged utilities shall be repaired to the satisfaction of utility owner.
b. Do not interrupt existing utilities serving facilities occupied and used by
others, except when permitted in writing by OWNER and then only after
acceptable temporary utility services have been provided.
c. Coordinate with utility companies for shut-off of services, if required.
2. Topographic mapping shown on plan/profile drawings was derived from and
actual on the ground field survey utilizing laser field equipment. The mapping
should be regarded as accurate within those standards adopted pursuant to
minimum technical standards for land surveys. For further details please refer
to the accompanying survey control base map prepared by surveyor.
3. Use of Explosives: Do not bring explosives onto site or use in the Work. Use of
explosive materials is specifically prohibited.
4. Dust Control: The CONTRACTOR shall conduct all of his operations and
maintain the area of his activities, including sweeping and sprinkling of
roadways, so as to minimize creation and dispersion of dust.
5. The CONTRACTOR shall take responsibility for restoration for any damage
caused by heaving, settlement, separation of pavement, escaping drilling fluid
(frac-out) or the directional drilling operation at no cost to the OWNER.
6. If remediation plans are required by the ENGINEER, the CONTRACTOR shall
provide the detailed drawings which show how damage will be remedied. The
details shall become part of the as-built drawing package and shall be
approved by the ENGINEER prior to work proceeding.
7. If an obstruction is encountered during boring which prevents completion for
the installation in accordance with the design location and specification, the
pipe may be taken out of service and left in place at the discretion of the
ENGINEER. Immediately fill the product left in place with excavatable flowable
fill. Submit a new installation procedure and revised plans to the ENGINEER
for approval before resuming Work at another location.
8. If conditions warrant removal of any materials installed in a failed bore path, as
determined by the ENGINEER, the cost of removal shall be the responsibility of
the CONTRACTOR. The CONTRACTOR shall promptly fill all voids by injection
all taken out of service products that have any annual space with excavatable
flowable fill.
E. lnstallation Specialist:
1. The CONTRACTOR shall provide the full time services of a competent
installation specialist during the directional drilling to assist in technical matters.
He/She shall advise the CONTRACTOR on drilling matters which may include,
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but may not be limited to, drilling procedures, pipe support, mapping of the
pipe location, quality assurance of the work, safety or their items as necessary.
The installation Specialist may be the CONTRACTOR'S superintendent.
3.03 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS
A. The CONTRACTOR shall meet the requirements of all specifications for all Work in
this project and at all locations utilized by the CONTRACTOR during the progress of
the Work.
B. Disposal Site: All costs for proper disposal of drilling mud and excess excavated
materials shall be included in the lump sum price bid for the Work.
C. All operations involving drilling mud shall be controlled and monitored by the
CONTRACTOR to ensure containment.
1. The CONTRACTOR shall establish bermed or sandbagged pits of sufficient
size to accommodate the volume of drilling mud anticipated plus a two-foot
freeboard. The bermed areas shall be maintained and designed by the
CONTRACTOR to ensure containment and prevent loss of drilling mud.
2. Transportation of the disposal materials off site by public roads shall meet all
Miami-Dade County and Department of Transportation requirements.
3.04 DAMAGED OR IMPROPERLY INSTALLED PIPE
A. If the pipe or protective coating is damaged before installation or does not meet the
specifications it shall be replaced at no expense to the Owner. If the pipe is
damaged during installation by the Contractor's operations, is placed at the
improper grade or line or cannot be advanced because of an unseen obstruction or
any other reason, it shall be abandoned in place, and filled with concrete. After
abandoning a pipe, an alternate installation shall be made, as directed by the
Engineer. With the exception of pipe that has to be abandoned in place due to
unseen obstructions, the cost for abandonment of pipe shall be at the expense of
the Contractor. No additional payment shall be made for the pipe which is
abandoned, including dewatering, excavation, drilling etc.
3.05 PIPE TESTING
A. The Contractor will hydrostatically test the pipe after pullback to ensure its integrity,
according to testing specifications. A calibrated pressure recorder shall be used to
record the pressure during the test period. This record shall be presented to the
Engineer of Record and made available to the City. The Contractor will supply
portable mud tanks or construct temporary mud pits to contain excess drill fluids
during construction. Upon completion of the work, the Contractor shall legally
dispose of any drill cuttings and excess drill fluids in accordance with FDEP (Florida
Department of Environmental Protection) and local regulations. The Contractor shall
provide as-built drawings reflecting actual installation.
3.06 SITE RESTORATION
A. Following drilling operations, Contractor shall de-mobilize equipment and restore
the work-site to original condition. All excavations shall be backfilled and compacted
to 98% of original density, or 95% if it is outside paved areas. Landscaping shall be
subcontracted to a local professional landscaping company.
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B. In the event that the Contractor must abandon a drill hole before completion of the
crossing, the Contractor will seal the bore hole and redrill the crossing at no
additional cost to the City.
C. In the event that the pipeline becomes lodged and cannot be pulled out of the drilled
hole during the installation, the Contractor shall seal the pipe and existing hole. The
Contractor shall redrill a pilot hole and again commence the pulling of the pipeline.
Cost of the pipe and its welding to replace the portion of the pipe not retrieved shall
be borne by the Contractor.
3.07 RECORD KEEPING, AS-BUILTS
A. Contractor shall maintain a daily project log of drilling operations and a guidance
system log with a copy given to the Engineer at completion of project. The
Contractor shall provide as-built drawings of the completed operation and certified
as to accuracy by the Contractor.
END OF SECTION