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Page 5 of 22 <br /> <br />EARTHWORKS <br /> <br />HAZARD HEALTH AND SAFETY MEASURES <br />➢ Persons, vehicles, <br />machinery or objects <br />falling into earthworks. <br /> <br />➢ The necessary instructions for the correct execution of <br />the earthworks will be given. <br />➢ The edges of the embankments must be protected <br />using signboards and/or protective safety fencing. <br />➢ The minimum safety distance of 6 feet out from the <br />edge of the earthworks (trench, pit, etc.) must be <br />marked by way of a line (of plaster, cement dust, etc.) <br />and no machines, vehicles or persons must encroach <br />within it (as a general rule). <br />➢ The vehicle access points and transit routes must be <br />clearly signposted. <br />➢ All earthworks must be protected by deploying solid <br />guardrails located at least 4 feet out from the edges of <br />these. <br />➢ Workers on foot must be provided with auxiliary aids <br />for accessing the bottom of the earthworks. These must <br />be simple and safe, and normally consist of hand <br />ladders or stairway towers (for depths in excess of 15 <br />feet. <br />➢ Vehicle/machinery access ramps must never be steeper <br />than 12% on the straight and 8% on curves and must <br />have a minimum width of 14 feet. <br />➢ Stops or buffers must be installed alongside the edges <br />of earthworks into which materials are being poured <br />from vehicles in order to prevent these from <br />encroaching too close. <br /> <br /> <br />➢ Landslide and <br />collapsing earthworks <br />➢ It is prohibited to carry out any work at the foot of <br />unstable retaining slopes. <br />➢ It is prohibited to stand (or work) at the foot of a <br />recently excavated workface without it first having been <br />made good, shored up, etc. <br />➢ No materials or spoil must be left within 2 ft from the <br />edge of the earthworks in order to prevent overloading <br />and any resulting landslide or collapse this might cause. <br />➢ Light vehicles/machines are prohibited from <br />encroaching within 9 ft of the edges of earthworks, with <br />this safety distance increasing to 12 ft for heavy <br />vehicles/machines. <br />➢ The workface and side walls of each excavation must be <br />inspected at least twice a day by the Works Supervisor. <br />If any risk of collapse or slippage is found, the area in <br />question must be evacuated and the Project Manager <br />notified. She/he must then give the order for the area to <br />be made good by specialist personnel by shoring and/or <br />propping.