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E. For all side drains, and for pipe culverts less than 24 inches in diameter, the trench bottom may be either flat, or shaped to fit the bottom of the pipe, except as provided for trenches, cut below grade and for areas of unsuitable foundation material. Regardless of the shape of the trench bottom, excavation shall be made for the hubs as required to allow the pipe barrel to rest firmly on the trench bottom. The bottom of the trench shall be rounded so that the bottom quadrant of the pipe will rest firmly on undisturbed soil for as nearly the full length of the barrel as proper jointing operations will permit. This part of the excavation shall be done manually only a few feet in advance of the pipelaying by men skilled in this type of work. Unauthorized overdepths shall be backfilled with loose, granular, moist earth, thoroughly tamped. Whenever the presence of incipient slides is noted during excavation, the trench walls shall be restrained with adequate sheeting, shoring and bracing. Trench excavation in the proximity of certain existing sanitary sewers and other utility lines shall be protected by either steel or wood sheeting. Used sheet piling in good condition, which has been inspected and approved by the ENGINEER, may be used in place of new sheet piling. F. The CONTRACTOR shall provide adequate equipment for the removal of storm or subsurface waters, which may accumulate in the excavated areas. If subsurface water is encountered, the CONTRACTOR shall utilize approved means to adequately dewater the excavation so that it will be dry for working and pipelaying. A wellpoint system or other approved dewatering method shall be utilized, if necessary, to maintain the excavation in a dry condition for preparation of the trench bottom and for pipe laying. G. Contractor shall, wherever necessary, provide temporary sidewalks and driveway entrances at his own expense, including safe bridges over trench and fencing around excavations for pedestrian protection. H. Contractor to adhere to the construction pollution prevention plan prior to any activities. 3.03 UNSUITABLE MATERIAL A. When rock, boulders, or other hard, lumpy or unyielding materials are encountered in the trench bottom they shall be removed to a depth at least 12 inches below the bottom of the pipe. Muck or other soft material considered by the ENGINEER to be unsuitable as foundation for the pipe shall be removed to a depth as where sand or other acceptable material is encountered, and to the width of the trench as directed by ENGINEER. 3.04 PIPE BEDDING B. When undercutting is required in order to remove unsuitable material (either hard or soft), the trench shall be backfilled to a point six inches above the bottom of the pipe, with suitable granular material which will form a firm bed for City of Sunny Isles Beach NE 174th Street Roadway Improvements 02630 - 13 Storm Drainage 14-1758 / 09-19-2014